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20. Clean Code & Best Practices

What are DRY and KISS?​

Junior

Answer:

  • DRY: Don't Repeat Yourself.
  • KISS: Keep It Simple, Stupid.

What is YAGNI?​

Junior

Answer: You Ain't Gonna Need It. Don't implement features until they are actually needed.

What is Composition over Inheritance?​

Middle

Answer: A principle that suggests achieving polymorphic behavior and code reuse by composing objects with other objects that implement the desired functionality, rather than inheriting from a base or parent class.

Imagine, that you have an old class in monolith, this class has many methods and is needing change, how would you refactor?​

Senior

Answer:

  1. Understand & Test: Write tests for the existing functionality to ensure no regressions are introduced during refactoring.
  2. Identify Responsibilities: Identify the core responsibilities of the class and extract them into smaller, single-purpose classes (SRP).
  3. Decouple: Use Dependency Injection to decouple the class from its dependencies, making it more testable.
  4. Incremental Refactoring: Refactor in small, incremental steps, running tests after each change.
  5. Apply Design Patterns: Use patterns like Strategy, Factory, or Service objects to handle complex logic or multiple conditional paths. Detailed Design Patterns Guide

What is the Law of Demeter?​

Senior

Answer: A design guideline that says a module should not know about the innards of the objects it manipulates. "Don't talk to strangers."