PostgreSQL Data Types

PostgreSQL supports a wide range of data types, categorized into several groups.

1. Numeric Types

Name	Storage Size	Description	Range
`smallint`	2 bytes	small-range integer	-32768 to +32767
`integer`	4 bytes	typical choice for integer	-2147483648 to +2147483647
`bigint`	8 bytes	large-range integer	-9223372036854775808 to +9223372036854775807
`decimal` / `numeric`	variable	user-specified precision, exact	up to 131072 digits before decimal point; up to 16383 digits after
`real`	4 bytes	variable-precision, inexact	6 decimal digits precision
`double precision`	8 bytes	variable-precision, inexact	15 decimal digits precision
`smallserial`	2 bytes	small autoincrementing integer	1 to 32767
`serial`	4 bytes	autoincrementing integer	1 to 2147483647
`bigserial`	8 bytes	large autoincrementing integer	1 to 9223372036854775807

Name	Description
`character(n)` / `char(n)`	fixed-length, blank padded
`character varying(n)` / `varchar(n)`	variable-length with limit
`text`	variable-length with no limit

Note: In PostgreSQL, there is no performance difference between these three types.

Name	Storage Size	Description
`timestamp`	8 bytes	both date and time (no time zone)
`timestamp with time zone`	8 bytes	both date and time, with time zone
`date`	4 bytes	date (no date)
`time`	8 bytes	time of day (no date)
`interval`	16 bytes	time interval

The boolean type can have the state true, false, or unknown (represented by NULL).

Geometric Types: point, line, lseg, box, path, polygon, circle.
Network Address Types: cidr, inet, macaddr.
JSON Types: json (textual), jsonb (binary, indexed).
UUID: uuid for universally unique identifiers.
XML: xml for XML data.